Detection of genes encoding ompW and ctxA of Vibrio cholerae isolated from shrimp and shellfish at Kedonganan fish market, Bali-Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30649/obj.v2i1.23Keywords:
food borne disease, Vibrio cholerae, ompW gene, ctxA gene, dup;ex Polymerase Chain Reaction (d-PCR)Abstract
Contamination of pathogenic bacteria in food can lead to the emergence of
foodborne disease. One of foodborne disease which often occurs in some
developing countries such as Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America is cholera
which is caused by Vibrio cholerae. The disease is transmitted through beverages
and food, especially contaminated seafood. V. cholerae has several virulence factors
including the outer membrane protein W (ompW) and cholerae toxin (ctx).The ompW
acts as a protective barrier and can also be used as a marker specific species of V.
cholerae and cholerae toxin is an enterotoxin responsible for the incidence of
diarrhea in a cholera outbreak produced by pathogenic V. cholerae. This study was
an observational study to determine the level of contamination of V. cholerae by
detecting the outer membrane protein W (ompW) and cholerae toxin subunit A (ctxA)
gene of V. cholerae in shrimp and shellfish sold at Kedonganan fish market.
Samples were taken using total sampling technique and obtained 24 samples
consisting of 14 shrimp samples and 10 shellfish samples. Samples were examined
using culture methods and biochemical tests, and then further tested using Duplex
Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR) to detect ompW and ctxA gene. The dPCR
assay results showed 8 out of 14 (57.1%) samples from shrimp and 1 out of 10
(10%) samples from the shellfish positive carried ompW gene, and found no positive
samples carrying the ctxA gene in samples derived from shrimp and shellfish. Chi
square test analysis results indicated contamination of V. cholerae in shrimp was
higher than shellfish based on ompW gene (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the
shrimp and shellfish at Kedonganan fish market are contaminated by V. cholerae.
Further research is needed to detect the virulence factors besides ompW and ctxA of
V. cholerae in seafood.
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