Dental Calculus as The Unique Calcified Oral Ecosystem A Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30649/obj.v2i2.28Keywords:
dental calculus, gingivitis, plaque, periodontitisAbstract
The prevalence of periodontal disease in Indonesians is very high, which is around
95%, and 70% of these values occur above 30 years or the adult age group. There is
controversy about whether dental calculus is an etiological factor in periodontal disease, or
is it just a predisposing factor. Dental Calculus is a calcified oral ecosystem or dental
plaque, can accumulate on supragingival or subgingival. Plaque is a bacterial biofilm
complex on the tooth surface, including pathogenic microorganisms that invade periodontal
tissue. Periodontal disease is the result of interactions between pathogens and the host
immune system. Damage to periodontal tissue can occur if the pathogenicity of the
microflora is more dominant in the immune response. In calcified conditions, these
microorganisms lose their pathogenicity. The dental calculus is one form of the body's
defense mechanism against pathogens. But the accumulation of dental calculus, with its
rough surface, is a predisposing factor for plaque accumulation. The oral ecosystem trapping
on the unique calcified material which are called dental calculus.
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