ANALISIS BIAYA DAN NILAI UTILITAS PASIEN HEMODIALISA YANG DIBERIKAN TERAPI SEVELAMER KARBONAT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30649/obj.v1i2.12Kata Kunci:
analisis biaya, EQ-5D-%L, nilai utilitas, hemodialisa, sevelamer karbonatAbstrak
Sevelamer karbonat merupakan alternatif lain sebagai terapi pengikat fosfat yang
diberikan kepada pasien hemodialisa selain CaCO3. Sevelamer karbonat dapat
menurunkan kadar fosfat, mengurangi kejadian kalsifikasi vaskular dan mortalitas yang
secara langsung berdampak pada perbaikan kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa, namun
harga sevelamer karbonat lebih mahal dibandingkan dengan CaCO3. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran biaya yang diperlukan untuk terapi sevelamer
karbonat dan nilai utilitas pasien hemodialisa yang menggunakan terapi sevelamer
karbonat di RS UGM Yogyakarta.
Penelitian dilakukan secara prospektif selama 8 minggu di RS UGM Yogyakarta
pada bulan Oktober-November 2016. Desain penelitian adalah quasi eksperimental
dengan “pretest posttest design with control group”. Kelompok eksperimental adalah
sevelamer karbonat dan kontrol adalah CaCO3. Pengukuran health related quality of life
(HRQOL) pasien hemodialisa salah satunya dengan mengukur utilitas pasien hemodialisa
dengan kuesioner EQ-5D-5L pada awal (pre) dan akhir (post) penelitian. Analisis biaya
dilihat berdasarkan perspektif rumah sakit dengan menghitung total direct medical cost.
Jumlah total responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 37 pasien yang terdiri atas 16
pasien kelompok eksperimental dan 21 pasien kelompok kontrol. Rata-rata biaya yang
diperlukan pasien hemodialisa dengan sevelamer karbonat untuk menangani kondisi
gangguan mineral dan tulang adalah sebesar Rp 2.999.188,75±167.920,75 per pasien
selama 8 minggu terapi. Nilai utilitas dan skor EQ-5D VAS baseline pasien hemodialisa
yang diberikan sevelamer karbonat adalah masing-masing 0,91±0,13 dan 75,93±9,34, dan
di akhir penelitian (posttes) terdapat perubahan nilai utilitas dan skor EQ-5D VAS sebesar
0,93±0,08 dan 77,44±11,12. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa perubahan nilai
utilitas dan skor EQ-5D VAS pasien hemodialisa yang diberikan sevelamer karbonat
antara awal (pre) dan akhir penelitian (posttes) adalah menunjukkan tidak berbeda
bermakna (p>0,05).
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